Web creation relies on three foundational technologies: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The three get combined to offer the user content, design, and interactions in the web and web based applications. Let’s see how each of these works:
1. HTML: HyperText Markup Language.
HTML is the basic building block of all web pages. It is an authoring language with markup that defines web page content. Basically, what HTML does is it depicts the structure and the arrangement of the text, graphic images, hyperlinks, headings, tables, and forms, and all other content of the web document.
- What it does: HTML constructs the framework of any webpage and determines the position and structure of the various elements such as the headers and sub-headings.
- How it works: HTML employs a system of tags such as (<h1>), (<p>), (<a>), or (<img>) known as a markup system which tags which element is what on the page. After that, the browser gets the clue of how to display the content of the page.
2. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
While HTML provides the webpage’s structure, (CSS) provides for the (its visual presentation or styling). CSS helps in defining the layout, colour, fonts, spacing and so on so as to make the page look good from the formatting perspective.
- What it does: CSS uses properties, such as colour and fonts, margins and padding, positioning, etc., to affect the appearance of HTML elements.
- How it works: CSS is commonly created in an external file daughter linked to the HTML or is contained in the HTML document directly. CSS consists of rules described by the selector which indicates the HTML elements and declarations that state particular styles.
3. JavaScript
Javascript is a scripting language used to enable a webpage to have interactive elements and dynamically update. It allows web pages to respond to user actions, such as clicks, form submissions, or mouse movements, and can manipulate the content and style of a page in real time.
- What it does: Through JavaScript interactive features can be embedded into a web page such as image galleries, form validators, animated images and automatic partial updates of the page content.
- How it works: Javascript can be incorporated within the HTML document enclosed in <script> tags or can be saved as one or more external file. Javascript is dependent on HTML (for contents) and CSS (for styling).
How HTML, CSS and JavaScript Work Together
- HTML is content: It specifies the content to be displayed on the page.
- CSS is presentation: It modifies the content to appear more appealing.
- JavaScript is interaction: It provides interactivity to the website and makes it alive.
Fundamentally, these three technologies are the builders of every website. HTML provides the information, CSS enhances its appearance, and JavaScript provides functionality that creates an attractive and user-friendly interface.
